Earth architecture

Catalogue of the Oasis Museum, halls 17, 18 & 19:

Soil architecture

All traditional housing in the oasis is build using earth in two different ways:

Pisé for the master walls.
Sun-dried clay bricks for the internal walls, the arches, columns and decoration.

The external finish is a mixture of mud and straw.

The ceilings may be built with palm tree trunks, canes, tuia branches or oleander stems, sometimes placed in order to form an ornamental design. These ceilings are supported on rafters made from palm trees, black poplar or tamarind, and they are covered also with earth.

1. Pisé

Pisé construction, Assif Melloul Photo: Roger Mimó, 1992

Pisé construction, El Khorbat Photos: Roger Mimó, 2002

Pisé formwork with its accessories Origin: Tinerhir (Todra), 20^th century. Ref. 572.

Oasis Museum
Origin: Ferkla, 20^th century. Ref. 573.

	Origin: Ferkla, 20^th century. Ref. 574.
	Origin: Ferkla, 20^th century. Ref. 575/577.
	Origin: Ferkla, 20^th century. Ref. 578.

2. Adobes

Adobes fabrication, El Khorbat Photo: Roger Mimó, 2002

Mould to make adobes
Origin: Ferkla, 20^th century. Ref. 579.

Adobes of ground and straw
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 580 i 581.

Oasis Museum
Adobe ornament frequent in the Ziz, Ferkla and Gheris valleys
Real wide reproduction

Oasis Museum
Adobe ornament frequent in the Dadès and Mgoun valleys
Real wide reproduction

3. Ceilings

Oasis Museum
Tamaris wooden beam
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 582.

Oasis Museum
Palm tree wooden beam
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 583.

Oasis Museum
Tool for splitting the trunks of palm trees
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th or 20^th century. Ref. 584.

Ceiling made of palm wood Real wide reproduction	Ceiling made of reeds Real wide reproduction
Rosebay roof Real wide reproduction	Ceiling made of palm stems Real wide reproduction
Ceiling made of thuya wood Real wide reproduction	Ceiling made of rocks Real wide reproduction

Protection of the palm tree ceilings against vermin by argyle
Photos: Roger Mimó, 2002

Palm tree wood eaves Real wide reproduction	Rocks wood eaves Real wide reproduction
Reeds eaves Real wide reproduction	Thuya wood eaves Real wide reproduction

4. Drains

Oasis Museum
Ceramics drain
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 585 a 587.

Oasis Museum
Palm tree trunk drain
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 588.

Palm tree trunk gargoyle
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 589.

Ceramics gargoyle
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 590.

Lime gargoyle
Origin: El Khorbat, 19^th century.

5. Doors and windows

Oasis Museum
Ksar El Khorbat (Ferkla)
Photo: Roger Mimó, 2005

Wooden window
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 951.

Wooden window
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 670.

Wooden window
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 592.

Oasis Museum
Tamaris wood room door
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 593

Oasis Museum
Walnut tree wood room door
Origin: Ighrem n'Ougloudal (Ouarzazate), 19^th century. Ref. 594.

Palm tree wood larder door
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 595.

Walnut tree wood larder door
Origin: Ighrem n'Ougloudal (Ouarzazate), 19^th century. Ref. 596.

Tamaris wood larder door
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 597.

Door hinge
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 598.

Door hinge
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 599.

Door hinge
Origin: Todra, 20^th century. Ref. 600.

Door hinge
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 601.

Outer bolt
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 602.

Outer bolt turned on the contrary
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 603 a 605.

Outer bolt turned on the contrary Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 606/607

Oasis Museum
Pieces to bar the latch
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 608 a 614.

Oasis Museum
Support of the pieces that bar the latch
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 615.

Oasis Museum
Keys
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 616 / Todra, 20^th century. Ref. 617.

Oasis Museum
Inner bolt turned on the contrary
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 618.

Iron lock
Origin: Todra, 20^th century. Ref. 619.

Keys
Origin: Todra, 20^th century. Ref. 620 a 622.

6. Equipments over the terrace

Terrace stairs

Traditional kitchen

This stairs and this kitchen were in the house occupied now by the Oasis Museum

Detail of the kilns:

Oasis Museum

Objects that are in this kitchen:

Pottery jar
Origin: Ferkla, 20^th century. Ref. 623.

Cooper jar
Origin: Todra, 20^th century. Ref. 624.

Pottery jar
Origin: Ferkla, 20^th century. Ref. 625.

Fan
Origin: Ferkla, 19^th century. Ref. 626.

Fire pump
Origin: Todra, 20^th century. Ref. 628.

Cooper pot
Origin: Ferkla, 20^th century. Ref. 627.

7. Gypsum ornament

Ref. 997.

Ref. 996.

Ref. 998.

Gypsum ornaments, Ksar El Maarka (Ziz valley), 17^th century.

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